跬步教程

深色模式

三、必背单词表（含音标、词性、中文释义） ​

Unit 1 必背单词 ​

单词音标词性中文释义
textbook/ˈtekstbʊk/n.教科书；课本
conversation/ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/n.交谈；谈话
aloud/əˈlaʊd/adv.大声地；出声地
pronunciation/prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/n.发音；读音
sentence/ˈsentəns/n.句子
patient/ˈpeɪʃnt/adj./n.有耐心的；病人
expression/ɪkˈspreʃn/n.表情；表达方式；词语
discover/dɪˈskʌvə(r)/v.发现；发觉
secret/ˈsiːkrət/n./adj.秘密；秘密的； adj.
look up/lʊk ʌp/短语查阅；抬头看
grammar/ˈɡræmə(r)/n.语法
repeat/rɪˈpiːt/v.重复；重做
note/nəʊt/n./v.笔记；记录；注意
physics/ˈfɪzɪks/n.物理；物理学
chemistry/ˈkemɪstri/n.化学
partner/ˈpɑːtnə(r)/n.搭档；同伴
pattern/ˈpætn/n.模式；方式
pronounce/prəˈnaʊns/v.发音
increase/ɪnˈkriːs/v.增加；增长
speed/spiːd/n./v.速度；加速

Unit 2 必背单词 ​

单词音标词性中文释义
stranger/ˈstreɪndʒə(r)/n.陌生人
relative/ˈrelətɪv/n./adj.亲属；亲戚；相对的
pound/paʊnd/n.磅（重量单位）；英镑
put on/pʊt ɒn/短语增加（体重）；穿上
lay/leɪ/v.放置；安放；产（卵）
dessert/dɪˈzɜːt/n.（饭后）甜点；甜食
garden/ˈɡɑːdn/n.花园；园子
admire/ədˈmaɪə(r)/v.欣赏；仰慕
tie/taɪ/n./v.领带；捆；束
haunted/ˈhɔːntɪd/adj.有鬼魂出没的；闹鬼的
ghost/ɡəʊst/n.鬼；鬼魂
trick/trɪk/n./v.花招；把戏；欺骗
treat/triːt/n./v.款待；招待；治疗
spider/ˈspaɪdə(r)/n.蜘蛛
Christmas/ˈkrɪsməs/n.圣诞节
lie/laɪ/v./n.平躺；位于；谎言
novel/ˈnɒvl/n.（长篇）小说
eve/iːv/n.前夕；前夜
dead/ded/adj.死的；失去生命的
business/ˈbɪznəs/n.商业；生意；事务
punish/ˈpʌnɪʃ/v.惩罚；处罚
warn/wɔːn/v.警告；告诫
present/ˈpreznt/n./adj.礼物；现在的
spread/spred/v./n.传播；展开；蔓延

Unit 3 必背单词 ​

单词音标词性中文释义
restroom/ˈrestruːm/n.（美）洗手间；公共厕所
stamp/stæmp/n.邮票；印章
postcard/ˈpəʊstkɑːd/n.明信片
pardon/ˈpɑːdn/interj./v.请再说一遍；原谅
washroom/ˈwɒʃruːm/n.洗手间；厕所
bathroom/ˈbɑːθruːm/n.浴室；洗手间
rush/rʌʃ/v./n.仓促；急促
suggest/səˈdʒest/v.建议；提议
staff/stɑːf/n.工作人员；职员
grape/ɡreɪp/n.葡萄
central/ˈsentrəl/adj.中心的；中央的
nearby/ˌnɪəˈbaɪ/adj./adv.附近的；在附近
pardon me/ˈpɑːdn miː/短语请再说一遍；打扰一下
mail/meɪl/n./v.邮件；邮寄
east/iːst/n./adj.东方；东方的
fascinating/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪŋ/adj.迷人的；极有吸引力的
convenient/kənˈviːniənt/adj.便利的；方便的
mall/mɔːl/n.商场；购物中心
clerk/klɑːk/n.职员
corner/ˈkɔːnə(r)/n.拐角；角落
polite/pəˈlaɪt/adj.有礼貌的；客气的
politely/pəˈlaɪtli/adv.礼貌地；客气地
speaker/ˈspiːkə(r)/n.讲（某种语言）的人；发言者
request/rɪˈkwest/n./v.要求；请求
direction/dəˈrekʃn/n.方向；方位
correct/kəˈrekt/adj./v.正确的；改正
direct/dəˈrekt/adj./v.直接的；指导；导演
whom/huːm/pron.谁（宾格）
address/əˈdres/n./v.地址；住址；演讲

Unit 4 必背单词 ​

单词音标词性中文释义
humorous/ˈhjuːmərəs/adj.有幽默感的；滑稽有趣的
silent/ˈsaɪlənt/adj.不说话的；沉默的
helpful/ˈhelpfl/adj.有用的；有帮助的
score/skɔː(r)/n./v.得分；进球；分数
background/ˈbækɡraʊnd/n.背景
interview/ˈɪntəvjuː/n./v.采访；面试；面试
Asian/ˈeɪʃn/adj./n.亚洲的；亚洲人
deal with/diːl wɪð/短语应对；处理
dare/deə(r)/v./modal敢于；胆敢
private/ˈpraɪvət/adj.私人的；私密的
guard/ɡɑːd/n./v.警卫；守卫；保卫
require/rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/v.需要；要求
European/ˌjʊərəˈpiːən/adj./n.欧洲的；欧洲人
British/ˈbrɪtɪʃ/adj./n.英国的；英国人
speech/spiːtʃ/n.讲话；发言
public/ˈpʌblɪk/adj./n.公众的；公开的；民众
ant/ænt/n.蚂蚁
insect/ˈɪnsekt/n.昆虫
influence/ˈɪnfluəns/n./v.影响
pride/praɪd/n.骄傲；自豪
be proud of/biː praʊd ɒv/短语为……感到骄傲
absent/ˈæbsənt/adj.缺席；不在
fail/feɪl/v.失败；未能做到
examination/ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn/n.考试；审查
exactly/ɪɡˈzæktli/adv.确切地；精确地
pride/praɪd/n.自豪；骄傲

Unit 5 必背单词 ​

单词音标词性中文释义
chopstick/ˈtʃɒpstɪk/n.筷子
coin/kɔɪn/n.硬币
fork/fɔːk/n.餐叉；叉子
blouse/blaʊz/n.（女式）短上衣；衬衫
silver/ˈsɪlvə(r)/n./adj.银；银制的；银色的
glass/ɡlɑːs/n.玻璃；玻璃杯
cotton/ˈkɒtn/n.棉；棉花
steel/stiːl/n.钢；钢铁
grass/ɡrɑːs/n.草；草地
leaf/liːf/n.叶；叶子（pl. leaves）
produce/prəˈdjuːs/v.生产；制造；出产
widely/ˈwaɪdli/adv.广泛地；普遍地
process/ˈprəʊses/n./v.过程；工序；加工
pack/pæk/v./n.包装；装箱；收拾（行李）
product/ˈprɒdʌkt/n.产品；制品
France/frɑːns/n.法国
local/ˈləʊkl/adj.当地的；本地的
brand/brænd/n.品牌；牌子
avoid/əˈvɔɪd/v.避免；回避
handbag/ˈhændbæɡ/n.（女用）手提包
mobile/ˈməʊbaɪl/adj./n.可移动的；手机
everyday/ˈevrideɪ/adj.每天的；日常的
boss/bɒs/n.老板；上司
surface/ˈsɜːfɪs/n.表面；表层
material/məˈtɪəriəl/n.材料；原料
traffic/ˈtræfɪk/n.交通；路上行驶的车辆
postman/ˈpəʊstmən/n.邮递员
cap/kæp/n.帽子；盖
glove/ɡlʌv/n.（分手指的）手套
international/ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl/adj.国际的
competitor/kəmˈpetɪtə(r)/n.参赛者；竞争者

Unit 6 必背单词 ​

单词音标词性中文释义
heel/hiːl/n.鞋跟；足跟
scoop/skuːp/n./v.勺子；勺；舀取
electricity/ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/n.电；电能
style/staɪl/n.样式；款式；风格
project/ˈprɒdʒekt/n.项目；工程
pleasure/ˈpleʒə(r)/n.高兴；愉快
zipper/ˈzɪpə(r)/n.拉链；拉锁
daily/ˈdeɪli/adj./adv.每日的；日常的；每天
website/ˈwebsaɪt/n.网站
pioneer/ˌpaɪəˈnɪə(r)/n.先锋；开拓者
list/lɪst/n./v.名单；清单；列表
mention/ˈmenʃn/v./n.提到；写到
remain/rɪˈmeɪn/v.保持不变；剩余
translate/trænsˈleɪt/v.翻译
lock/lɒk/v./n.锁上；锁住；锁
earthquake/ˈɜːθkweɪk/n.地震
sudden/ˈsʌdn/adj.突然的
bell/bel/n.钟（声）；铃（声）
biscuit/ˈbɪskɪt/n.饼干
musical/ˈmjuːzɪkl/adj./n.音乐的；有音乐天赋的
instrument/ˈɪnstrəmənt/n.乐器；工具
crispy/ˈkrɪspi/adj.酥脆的；脆的
salty/ˈsɔːlti/adj.咸的
sour/ˈsaʊə(r)/adj.酸的；有酸味的
by mistake/baɪ mɪˈsteɪk/短语错误地；无意中
divide/dɪˈvaɪd/v.分开；分散

Unit 7 必背单词 ​

单词音标词性中文释义
smoke/sməʊk/v./n.吸烟；冒烟；烟
pierce/pɪəs/v.扎破；刺穿
license/ˈlaɪsns/n.证；证件；许可证
safety/ˈseɪfti/n.安全；安全性
earring/ˈɪərɪŋ/n.耳环
part-time/ˌpɑːt ˈtaɪm/adj./adv.兼职的；部分时间的
get in the way of/ɡet ɪn ðə weɪ ɒv/短语挡……的路；妨碍
achieve/əˈtʃiːv/v.达到；完成；实现
field/fiːld/n.田野；场地
hug/hʌɡ/n./v.拥抱；搂抱
lift/lɪft/v./n.举起；抬高；电梯
badly/ˈbædli/adv.严重地；差；非常
awful/ˈɔːfl/adj.很坏的；讨厌的
regret/rɪˈɡret/v./n.感到遗憾；懊悔
poem/ˈpəʊɪm/n.诗；韵文
community/kəˈmjuːnəti/n.社区；社团
chance/tʃɑːns/n.机会；可能性
educate/ˈedʒukeɪt/v.教育；教导
manage/ˈmænɪdʒ/v.完成；应付；管理
society/səˈsaɪəti/n.社会
support/səˈpɔːt/v./n.支持
choice/tʃɔɪs/n.选择；挑选

Unit 8 必背单词 ​

单词音标词性中文释义
whose/huːz/pron.谁的
truck/trʌk/n.卡车；货车
picnic/ˈpɪknɪk/n./v.野餐
rabbit/ˈræbɪt/n.兔；野兔
attend/əˈtend/v.出席；参加
valuable/ˈvæljuəbl/adj.贵重的；很有用的
pink/pɪŋk/adj./n.粉红色的；粉色
anybody/ˈenibɒdi/pron.任何人
happening/ˈhæpənɪŋ/n.事件；发生的事情
noise/nɔɪz/n.声音；噪音
policeman/pəˈliːsmən/n.警察
wolf/wʊlf/n.狼
uneasy/ʌnˈiːzi/adj.担心的；不安的
outdoors/ˌaʊtˈdɔːz/adv.在户外；在野外
laboratory/ləˈbɒrətri/n.实验室
outdoorsy/ˌaʊtˈdɔːzi/adj.喜欢户外活动的
sleepy/ˈsliːpi/adj.困倦的；瞌睡的
coat/kəʊt/n.外套；外衣
land/lænd/v./n.着陆；登陆；土地
alien/ˈeɪliən/n./adj.外星人；外国人；外星人的
run after/rʌn ˈɑːftə(r)/短语追逐；追赶
suit/suːt/n./v.西服；套装；适合
express/ɪkˈspres/v./n.表达；表露；快递
circle/ˈsɜːkl/n./v.圆圈；圈出
Britain/ˈbrɪtn/n.英国；不列颠
mystery/ˈmɪstri/n.神秘事物；谜
receive/rɪˈsiːv/v.接受；收到
historical/hɪˈstɒrɪkl/adj.历史的；有关历史的
leader/ˈliːdə(r)/n.领导；领袖
medical/ˈmedɪkl/adj.医疗的；医学的
purpose/ˈpɜːpəs/n.目的；目标
prevent/prɪˈvent/v.阻止；阻挠
energy/ˈenədʒi/n.精力；能量
position/pəˈzɪʃn/n.位置；地方；职位
victory/ˈvɪktəri/n.胜利；成功
enemy/ˈenəmi/n.敌人；仇人
period/ˈpɪəriəd/n.一段时间；时期

四、必背短语和句型汇总 ​

Unit 1 重点短语 ​

短语释义
by doing sth.通过做某事
ask sb. for help向某人求助
depend on依靠；取决于
look up查阅；抬头看
be born with天生具有
connect...with...把……和……联系起来
pay attention to注意；关注
word by word逐字地
as well也
fall in love with爱上

Unit 2 重点短语 ​

短语释义
put on穿上；增加（体重）
lay out摆放；布置
in the shape of...以……的形状
on the Mid-Autumn night在中秋之夜
tell stories about...讲述关于……的故事
admire the moon赏月
give out / hand out分发
the importance of...……的重要性
be similar to...与……相似
throw...at...朝……扔……
wash away冲走
eat out出去吃饭

Unit 3 重点短语 ​

短语释义
pardon me请再说一遍；打扰一下
pass by路过；经过
on the corner of...在……拐角处
in a rush to do sth.急于做某事
in a different situation在不同的场合
lead into...导入；引入
on one's way to...在某人去……的路上
walk up to...走向……
in person亲自
on time准时

Unit 4 重点短语 ​

短语释义
used to do sth.过去常常做某事
be afraid of...害怕……
from time to time时常；有时
in front of crowds在人群面前
give a speech发表演讲
be proud of... / take pride in...为……感到骄傲
deal with...处理；对付
in public公开地；在别人面前
be absent from...缺席……
fail the examination考试不及格
be hard on sb.对某人要求严格
be nervous about...对……紧张
make a decision做决定
have a great influence on...对……有很大影响
to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是
even though / even if即使；尽管

Unit 5 重点短语 ​

短语释义
be made of...由……制成（看得出原材料）
be made from...由……制成（看不出原材料）
be made in...在……（地方）制造
be made by...被……制造
be famous for...因……而著名
be famous as...作为……而著名
on the sides of mountains在山坡上
no matter + wh- 词无论……
environmental protection环境保护
as far as I know据我所知

Unit 6 重点短语 ​

短语释义
by mistake错误地；无意中
by accident偶然；意外地
take place发生；举行（无被动）
all of a sudden突然
drop...into...把……掉进……
divide...into...把……分成……
less than少于
more than / over多于；超过
look up to钦佩；仰慕
the style of...……的风格
dream of / dream about梦想；梦见

Unit 7 重点短语 ​

短语释义
be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事
should be allowed to do sth.应该被允许做某事
get one's ears pierced穿耳洞
have part-time jobs做兼职工作
get in the way of...妨碍；挡……的路
be serious about...对……认真
care about关心；在意
agree with sb.同意某人
disagree with sb.不同意某人
make one's own decision自己做决定
be strict with sb.对某人严格
be strict in sth.对某事严格
talk back顶嘴
think back to...回想；回忆
make a choice做出选择
manage to do sth.设法做成某事
take pride in...为……感到自豪

Unit 8 重点短语 ​

短语释义
belong to属于
run after追逐；追赶
pick up捡起；（偶然）学会；接某人
anything valuable值钱的东西
feel uneasy感到不安
make noise制造噪音
each other互相
be worried about...担心……
be careful of...小心……
not only...but also...不但……而且……
at the same time同时
prevent...from...阻止……做……
have fun with...和……玩得开心
take place发生
communicate with...与……交流

必背黄金句型 ​

  1. How do you study for a test? I study by working with a group.
  2. I think that mooncakes are delicious!
  3. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?
  4. I used to be afraid of the dark, but now I'm not.
  5. What are the shirts made of? They're made of cotton.
  6. When was the telephone invented? It was invented in 1876.
  7. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
  8. It must belong to Carla. / It can't be his.
  9. The more you read, the faster you'll be.
  10. It's said that Liu Yu wants to be a professional runner.
  11. Whose book is this? It might be Mary's.
  12. I wonder if they will come to the party.
  13. The earth is believed to be billions of years old.
  14. No matter what you do, don't miss this exhibition.
  15. The shirt is so small that it can't be his.

五、常见题型与例题 ​

（一）词汇运用 ​

A. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 ​

  1. Mary used to ______ (be) very shy, but now she is outgoing.
  2. The novel is worth ______ (read). You should buy one.
  3. The bridge ______ (build) by the villagers last year.
  4. My father suggests ______ (go) to Beijing by train.
  5. The problem must ______ (solve) as soon as possible.
  6. I don't know if he ______ (come) tomorrow. If he ______ (come), I'll tell you.
  7. The meeting ______ (hold) in this hall yesterday afternoon.
  8. He is used to ______ (get) up early every morning.
  9. Could you tell me how ______ (improve) my writing skills?
  10. The shoes ______ (make) of leather feel very comfortable.

答案与解析：

  1. be — used to 后接动词原形，表示"过去常常"。
  2. reading — be worth doing sth. "值得做某事"，用主动形式表被动含义。
  3. was built — 一般过去时被动语态，主语 bridge 是单数。
  4. going — suggest doing sth. "建议做某事"，固定搭配。
  5. be solved — 含情态动词的被动语态：must + be + 过去分词。
  6. will come; comes — 第一个 if 引导宾语从句，表"是否"，用将来时；第二个 if 引导条件状语从句，遵循"主将从现"。
  7. was held — 一般过去时被动语态，由 yesterday afternoon 可知用过去时。
  8. getting — be used to doing "习惯于做某事"，to 是介词。
  9. to improve — "疑问词 + to do"结构作宾语。
  10. made — 过去分词作后置定语，相当于 which are made。

B. 根据汉语提示完成单词 ​

  1. You should pay attention to your ______ (发音) when you speak English.
  2. The mooncakes are in the ______ (形状) of a full moon.
  3. Tea plants are grown on the ______ (山坡) of mountains.
  4. The discovery was a complete ______ (意外) to everyone.
  5. The material feels ______ (光滑的) and soft.

答案： 1. pronunciation 2. shape 3. sides 4. accident 5. smooth

（二）语法选择（共20题） ​

  1. — How do you improve your spoken English?
    — ______ listening to tapes every day.

    • A. To B. By C. For D. With

  2. I wonder ______ you'll water this kind of flower.

    • A. what B. when C. how D. B and C

  3. The book ______ by many children in China.

    • A. is read B. reads C. was read D. read

  4. — ______ is the model plane made of?
    — Wood.

    • A. Where B. How C. What D. Which

  5. The bridge ______ in 1989.

    • A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds

  6. — Do you know ______?
    — Yes, she came here by train.

    • A. how did she come here B. how she came here
    • C. when she came here D. why she came here

  7. Teenagers ______ to drive because they are not serious enough.

    • A. shouldn't allow B. should be allowed
    • C. shouldn't be allowed D. don't allow

  8. The flowers ______ every day, or they'll die.

    • A. must water B. can water C. must be watered D. should water

  9. — Whose volleyball is this?
    — It ______ belong to Carol. She loves volleyball.

    • A. must B. can't C. might D. could

  10. — Is that Mr. Green over there?
    — It ______ be him. He has gone to Paris on business.

  • A. must B. might C. can D. can't
  1. My little sister ______ hide-and-seek with her friends after school.
  • A. used to play B. is used to playing
  • C. was used to play D. used to playing
  1. Could you please tell me ______?
  • A. where is the nearest bank B. where the nearest bank is
  • C. where does the nearest bank D. the nearest bank is where
  1. This kind of paper ______ soft and nice. It ______ in Jingxian.
  • A. feels; is made B. is felt; makes
  • C. feels; makes D. is felt; is made

  1. — Your hometown is beautiful!
    — Thanks. It ______ a lot in the past five years.

    • A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. is changed

  2. The meeting room should ______ before the guests arrive.

    • A. be cleaned B. clean C. cleaned D. is cleaned

  3. I don't know if he ______ tomorrow. If he ______, I'll call you.

    • A. comes; comes B. will come; will come
    • C. comes; will come D. will come; comes

  4. — ______ I borrow these magazines?
    — Sorry, only library members can borrow them.

    • A. Must B. May C. Need D. Should

  5. The book ______ cover is red must belong to Lucy. She likes red best.

    • A. which B. whose C. that D. who

  6. ______ useful advice he gave us! We all learned a lot.

    • A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

  7. By the time I got up, my brother ______ into the bathroom.

    • A. had gotten B. has gotten C. gets D. got

答案与解析：

题号答案解析
1Bby + doing 表方式手段。
2D宾语从句可用 how 或 what time 提问时间，选项 D 包含了 B 和 C 的可能性，when 和 how 都可以。
3A一般现在时被动语态，描述客观事实。
4CWhat...made of? 询问材质。
5Bin 1989 为过去时间，用一般过去时被动语态。
6B宾语从句用陈述句语序；由答语可知问方式。
7Cshouldn't be allowed to do "不应该被允许做"，含情态动词的被动语态。
8C情态动词被动语态，flowers 是被浇水的对象。
9Amust 表肯定推测"一定是"，由 She loves volleyball 可知确定性很高。
10Dcan't 表否定推测"不可能是"，由 He has gone to Paris 可知他不在此地。
11Aused to do "过去常常做某事"，现在已不做了。
12B宾语从句用陈述句语序：主语 + 谓语。
13Afeel 为感官系动词，不用被动；纸是被制造的，用被动语态。
14Cin the past five years 用现在完成时。
15Ashould 后接 be + 过去分词，含情态动词的被动语态。
16D第一个 if 为"是否"，宾语从句用将来时；第二个 if 为"如果"，条件从句用一般现在时。
17BMay I...? 表示请求许可，"我可以……吗？"
18Bwhose 在定语从句中作定语，修饰 cover。
19Aadvice 为不可数名词，用 What + adj. + 不可数名词！
20ABy the time 引导的从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。

（三）完形填空 ​

Passage 1 ​

阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Do you know how to learn English well? Different students have different 1 . Here is what some good learners say.

Li Ming says, "I learn English 2 reading aloud every morning. I think it's a good way to improve my pronunciation. I also like to talk with my foreign teacher. He is very 3 . When I make mistakes, he always helps me correct them."

Wang Fang says, "I used to be poor at English. I was afraid of 4 questions in class. But my teacher encouraged me a lot. Now I am 5 in English. I often watch English movies without Chinese subtitles. It really helps me improve my listening."

Zhang Hua has another way. He says, "I learn English by 6 English songs. I write down the lyrics first, then I try to understand 7 word. I also keep a diary in English every day. It helps me practice 8 . My teacher says I have made great progress."

All these students agree 9 one thing: practice makes perfect. They believe that the more you practice, 10 you will be.

  1. A. ways B. problems C. questions D. hobbies
  2. A. in B. with C. by D. for
  3. A. strict B. patient C. serious D. shy
  4. A. answering B. answered C. answer D. to answer
  5. A. weak B. poor C. interested D. boring
  6. A. sing B. sings C. singing D. sang
  7. A. all B. both C. every D. each
  8. A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. speaks
  9. A. on B. in C. to D. with
  10. A. the better B. better C. the best D. best

答案： 1-5 ACBAC 6-10 CCBAA

解析：

  1. A. ways — 不同学生有不同的"方法"。
  2. C. by — by + doing 表方式。
  3. B. patient — 由下文"当我犯错时，他总是帮我纠正"可知老师很有"耐心"。
  4. A. answering — be afraid of doing sth. "害怕做某事"。
  5. C. interested — be interested in "对……感兴趣"，与前面的 poor at 形成对比。
  6. C. singing — by 为介词，后接 doing。
  7. C. every — every word "每一个单词"，强调全体中的每一个。
  8. B. speaking — practice doing sth. "练习做某事"。
  9. A. on — agree on "就……达成一致"。
  10. A. the better — "the + 比较级, the + 比较级"结构"越……就越……"。

Passage 2 ​

阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world. People in Asia especially enjoy 1 tea. But do you know how tea 2 ?

According to an ancient Chinese legend, tea 3 by Shen Nong about 5,000 years ago. One day, Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. Shen Nong noticed that the water 4 a pleasant smell. Later he decided to taste the hot mixture. It was quite delicious. And in this way, one of the world's favorite drinks 5 .

Tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea 6 appear until around 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries 7 in the 19th century. This helped to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt the ones who best understand the 8 of tea.

Today, tea 9 in many different areas of China. That's 10 tea is loved by so many people not only in China but also around the world.

  1. A. drink B. drinks C. to drink D. drinking
  2. A. was discovered B. is discovered C. discovered D. discovers
  3. A. invented B. was invented C. discovered D. was discovered
  4. A. produced B. is produced C. produced D. was produced
  5. A. invented B. was invented C. had invented D. had been invented
  6. A. didn't B. doesn't C. wasn't D. wasn't
  7. A. takes place B. took place C. was taken place D. is taken place
  8. A. nature B. secret C. history D. name
  9. A. produce B. is produced C. produced D. is producing
  10. A. what B. when C. how D. why

答案： 1-5 DADAB 6-10 ABBBB

解析：

  1. D. drinking — enjoy doing sth. "喜欢做某事"。
  2. A. was discovered — 茶是"被发现"的，用被动语态；由下文可知用过去时。
  3. D. was discovered — 茶不能说是"发明"，而是"发现"；被动语态。
  4. A. produced — 此处为主动语态（水散发出香味），produced a pleasant smell。
  5. B. was invented — "被发明"，一般过去时被动语态。
  6. A. didn't — 一般过去时否定句，助动词用 didn't。
  7. B. took place — take place "发生"无被动语态。
  8. B. secret — 中国人最懂茶的"奥秘"。
  9. B. is produced — 一般现在时被动语态，描述客观事实。
  10. D. why — That's why... "那就是为什么……"，引导表语从句。

（四）阅读理解 ​

Passage 1 ​

It was a cold winter evening. Robert was driving home along a lonely country road. His car broke down, and he had to walk to the nearest village to ask for help.

As he walked, he saw an old house. He knocked on the door, and an old woman opened it. "Can I use your telephone?" Robert asked. "My car has broken down, and I need to call for help."

"I don't have a telephone," the old woman said. "But you can stay here for the night. The nearest village is ten miles away, and it's snowing heavily outside."

Robert was very grateful. The old woman made him a simple but warm meal and showed him to a small bedroom. "Good night," she said. "I hope you sleep well."

The next morning, Robert woke up and looked out of the window. The snow had stopped, but everything was covered in white. He went downstairs to thank the old woman, but she was nowhere to be found. On the kitchen table, he found a note that read: "Breakfast is in the oven. I had to go out. You can leave whenever you want. There is a road map on the table to help you find your way."

Robert was deeply moved by the old woman's kindness. He ate his breakfast, followed the map, and soon found his way to the village. When he told the villagers about his experience, they looked at each other in surprise. "That house has been empty for years," one villager said. "The old woman who lived there died ten years ago."

Robert could hardly believe his ears. He went back to the house with the villagers. The door was open, and they went inside. The house was covered in dust, and the furniture was old and broken. But on the kitchen table, there was a freshly cooked breakfast and a road map.

No one could explain it. But Robert knew one thing: he had received help from someone, whether she was from this world or not.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

  1. Why did Robert go to the old house?

    • A. He wanted to visit the old woman.
    • B. He needed to make a phone call.
    • C. He was looking for a place to stay for the winter.
    • D. He wanted to borrow a road map.

  2. What did the old woman offer Robert?

    • A. A telephone to use.
    • B. A ride to the village.
    • C. A place to stay for the night.
    • D. Money to repair his car.

  3. What surprised Robert the next morning?

    • A. The snow had stopped.
    • B. The old woman had disappeared.
    • C. The breakfast was cold.
    • D. The house was too far from the village.

  4. What did the villagers tell Robert about the house?

    • A. It had been empty for many years.
    • B. The old woman still lived there.
    • C. They often went there for breakfast.
    • D. It would be pulled down soon.

  5. What does the story mainly want to tell us?

    • A. We should always help strangers.
    • B. Never drive alone in winter.
    • C. Kindness can come from unexpected places.
    • D. Old houses are dangerous to enter.

答案： 1-5 BCBAC

解析：

  1. B — 由第二段可知，Robert 敲门是为了借用电话："Can I use your telephone?"
  2. C — 老妇人没有电话，但提供了住宿："But you can stay here for the night."
  3. B — 由第五段可知，Robert 下楼想感谢老妇人，但她"nowhere to be found"（不见了）。
  4. A — 由第六段最后一句可知，村民们说那房子已经空了很多年。
  5. C — 主旨大意题。故事讲述了一个神秘的善意帮助，传达了"善意可以来自意想不到的地方"这一主题。

Passage 2 ​

Paper is one of the most important inventions in human history. It has greatly changed the way people record information, share ideas, and communicate with each other.

The earliest form of paper was invented in China around 2,000 years ago during the Han Dynasty. Cai Lun, a Chinese official, is often credited with improving the paper-making process in 105 AD. He developed a method to make paper from tree bark, old rags, and other plant fibers. This new type of paper was cheaper, lighter, and easier to write on than previous materials like bamboo slips or silk.

Before paper was invented, people in different parts of the world used various materials to write on. The ancient Egyptians wrote on papyrus, which was made from a plant that grew along the Nile River. In Mesopotamia, people pressed letters into clay tablets. Some ancient civilizations even used animal skins.

The paper-making technology spread from China to other parts of the world over many centuries. It reached Korea and Japan first, then moved westward to the Islamic world. By the 12th century, paper mills had been built in Europe. However, paper was still expensive and not widely available.

Everything changed with the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century. Suddenly, books could be produced quickly and cheaply. The demand for paper increased dramatically. In the 19th century, new machines were invented that could produce paper from wood pulp, making it even more affordable.

Today, paper is used for countless purposes — from books and newspapers to packaging and art. However, the digital age has brought new challenges. Many people now read e-books instead of printed books, and offices are trying to go "paperless." Some experts worry that paper may one day become unnecessary.

Still, paper has played such an important role in human civilization that it will likely remain valuable for many years to come. After all, there's something special about holding a real book in your hands.

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

  1. What is the passage mainly about?

    • A. The history and importance of paper.
    • B. How to make paper from wood.
    • C. Famous Chinese inventors.
    • D. The future of digital reading.

  2. When was the paper-making process improved by Cai Lun?

    • A. Around 2,000 years ago.
    • B. In 105 AD.
    • C. In the 12th century.
    • D. In the 15th century.

  3. What did ancient Egyptians write on before paper was invented?

    • A. Bamboo slips.
    • B. Clay tablets.
    • C. Papyrus.
    • D. Animal skins.

  4. What happened after Gutenberg invented the printing press?

    • A. Paper became less important.
    • B. The demand for paper increased greatly.
    • C. People stopped writing by hand.
    • D. Paper mills were closed in Europe.

  5. What do some experts worry about?

    • A. Paper is too expensive now.
    • B. There are not enough trees to make paper.
    • C. Paper may become unnecessary in the future.
    • D. Children don't know how to write on paper.

答案： 1-5 ABBBC

解析：

  1. A — 主旨大意题。全文从纸的发明、传播、发展到现代的应用与挑战，讲述了纸的历史和重要性。
  2. B — 细节理解题。由第二段可知，蔡伦于公元105年改进了造纸术。
  3. C — 细节理解题。由第三段可知，古埃及人使用纸莎草（papyrus）书写。
  4. B — 细节理解题。由第五段可知，古腾堡发明印刷机后，"The demand for paper increased dramatically."。
  5. C — 细节理解题。由第六段最后一句可知，一些专家担心纸有一天可能变得不必要。

Passage 3 ​

Should teenagers be allowed to have part-time jobs?

This is a hot topic among parents and teachers. Different people have different opinions.

Some people believe that teenagers should not be allowed to have part-time jobs. They argue that schoolwork should be a student's top priority. Having a job takes time and energy away from studying. If teenagers work after school, they might not have enough time to finish their homework or prepare for exams. Some also worry that part-time jobs may expose teenagers to bad influences from adults in the workplace. Another concern is safety — some jobs might be dangerous for young people.

On the other hand, many people support the idea of teenagers having part-time jobs. They believe that working teaches young people important life skills. Through part-time jobs, teenagers can learn how to manage money, communicate with others, and take responsibility. These skills will be very useful when they grow up. Working also helps teenagers understand the value of money. When they earn their own money, they tend to spend it more carefully. In addition, part-time jobs can help teenagers explore their interests and possible career paths.

In my opinion, teenagers should be allowed to have part-time jobs, but with some conditions. First, they should only work during holidays or on weekends, so that their studies are not affected. Second, parents should help their children choose safe and suitable jobs. Third, the working hours should be limited — teenagers need enough time to rest and study.

Part-time jobs can be a valuable experience for teenagers. The key is to find a balance between work and study. With proper guidance from parents and teachers, working can help teenagers become more independent and mature.

根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

  1. What do some people worry about if teenagers have part-time jobs?

  2. What life skills can teenagers learn through part-time jobs according to the passage?

  3. What is the writer's opinion about teenagers having part-time jobs?

  4. 将文中画线句子翻译成汉语。

答案：

  1. They worry that part-time jobs may take time and energy away from studying, expose teenagers to bad influences, and some jobs might be dangerous.

  2. They can learn how to manage money, communicate with others, and take responsibility.

  3. The writer thinks teenagers should be allowed to have part-time jobs, but with some conditions: only working during holidays or weekends, choosing safe and suitable jobs, and limiting working hours.

  4. 当他们自己赚钱时，他们往往花钱更谨慎。

（五）句型转换 ​

  1. The bridge was built in 1990.（对画线部分提问）
    ______ ______ the bridge built?

  2. She used to walk to school.（改为否定句）
    She ______ ______ ______ walk to school.

  3. "Are you going to the concert?" Mary asked me.（改为宾语从句）
    Mary asked me ______ I ______ going to the concert.

  4. The flowers should be watered every day.（改为主动语态）
    You ______ ______ the flowers every day.

  5. This book must belong to Tom.（改为同义句）
    This book ______ ______ Tom's.

  6. They make paper from wood.（改为被动语态）
    Paper ______ ______ ______ wood.

  7. The students are planting trees in the park.（改为被动语态）
    Trees ______ ______ ______ by the students in the park.

  8. "Don't be late for school," the teacher said to us.（改为间接引语）
    The teacher told us ______ ______ ______ late for school.

答案：

  1. When was — 对时间提问用 when，被动语态保留。
  2. didn't use to — used to do 的否定形式为 didn't use to do。
  3. if/whether; was — 一般疑问句变宾语从句用 if/whether 引导，时态呼应。
  4. should water — 情态动词被动变主动：should + 动词原形。
  5. must be — "一定是汤姆的"，用 must be + 名词所有格。
  6. is made from — 被动语态 be made from。
  7. are being planted — 现在进行时被动语态：am/is/are being + done。
  8. not to be — tell sb. not to do sth. "告诉某人不要做某事"。

（六）书面表达 ​

题目一（关于学习方法） ​

假设你叫李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信说他英语学习遇到了困难，想向你请教学习方法。请你根据以下提示给他写一封回信。

提示：1. 建议他每天朗读英语来练习发音； 2. 建议他通过看英文电影来提高听力； 3. 建议他尝试用英语写日记来提高写作； 4. 鼓励他不要放弃，相信自己。

要求：80词左右，可适当发挥。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom,

I'm sorry to hear that you have trouble learning English. Here is my advice.

I hope these suggestions will help you. Remember: practice makes perfect!

Yours,
Li Hua

参考范文：

Dear Tom,

I'm sorry to hear that you have trouble learning English. Here is my advice.

First, I suggest that you read English aloud every morning. It is a good way to improve your pronunciation. Second, you can improve your listening by watching English movies. This method is not only effective but also fun. Third, try keeping a diary in English every day. It will help you practice writing and remember new words. Don't be afraid of making mistakes — the more you practice, the better you will be.

Most importantly, never give up. Believe in yourself, and you will succeed!

I hope these suggestions will help you. Remember: practice makes perfect!

Yours,
Li Hua

写作亮点解析：

  • 使用了宾语从句：I suggest that you read... / I hope (that) these suggestions will help you.
  • 使用了 by + doing 表方式：by watching English movies
  • 使用了 "the + 比较级, the + 比较级"结构
  • 使用了连接词 First, Second, Third, Most importantly，使文章条理清晰
  • 字数约95词，符合要求

题目二（关于校规与青少年权利） ​

假设你们学校正在开展关于"校规"的讨论，请你根据以下表格提示，以"Should Teenagers Be Allowed to Choose Their Own Clothes?"为题，写一篇短文发表你的看法。

赞同方观点反对方观点你的观点
穿自己喜欢的衣服可以展示个性学生应该统一着装，避免攀比……
合适的衣服能让学生更自信统一校服有利于学校管理……

要求：1. 包含表格中的所有要点；2. 适当增加细节；3. 80-100词。

参考范文：

Should Teenagers Be Allowed to Choose Their Own Clothes?

Different people have different opinions about whether teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.

Some students agree. They think wearing clothes they like can help show their personality. Besides, wearing suitable clothes can make students more confident at school.

However, others disagree. They believe students should wear school uniforms to avoid comparing clothes with each other. What's more, uniforms make it easier for schools to manage students.

In my opinion, teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes on some special days, like Fridays. On normal school days, we should wear uniforms because it creates a fair environment for everyone. The most important thing is that we should focus on our study instead of our clothes.

写作亮点解析：

  • 使用了宾语从句：whether teenagers should be allowed to choose...
  • 使用了含情态动词的被动语态：should be allowed to...
  • 使用了连接词 Besides, However, What's more, In my opinion 使文章逻辑清晰
  • 最后给出了折中的观点，体现了思维的全面性
  • 字数约120词，符合要求

六、期末综合复习题 ​

（满分120分，时间100分钟）

第一部分 听力（共20分） ​

听力材料（请老师朗读或用录音机播放）：

第一节：听句子，选择与其意思相符的图片。（每小题1分，共5分）

（此处应有5幅图片供选择，文字描述如下：）

  1. M: The Great Wall is visited by millions of tourists every year.
  2. W: Could you tell me how to get to the nearest hospital?
  3. M: I used to play basketball after school when I was young.
  4. W: This beautiful handbag is made of real leather.
  5. M: The book must belong to Lucy because her name is on it.

第二节：听对话，选择正确答案。（每小题1分，共10分）

  1. W: How do you study English grammar, Mike?
    M: I learn by doing lots of exercises. And I always take notes in class. Q: How does Mike learn English grammar?

  2. M: Excuse me, is there a bookstore around here?
    W: Yes. Walk along this street and turn left at the second crossing. It's on your right, next to the bank. Q: Where is the bookstore?

  3. W: Tom, your spoken English has improved a lot!
    M: Thanks! I practice by talking with my American pen pal every weekend. Q: How does Tom improve his spoken English?

  4. M: Mom, I can't find my basketball.
    W: Is it under your bed?
    M: No, it isn't. Oh, it might be in the garage. I played there yesterday. Q: Where might the basketball be?

  5. W: Do you think teenagers should be allowed to have part-time jobs?
    M: Well, I think they should, but only during summer holidays. Q: What does the man mean?

  6. M: Excuse me, could you tell me when the museum closes?
    W: It usually closes at 5 p.m., but on weekends it closes an hour later. Q: When does the museum close on Saturday?

  7. W: I wonder if these socks are made of cotton.
    M: No, they're made of wool. Cotton ones are on that shelf. Q: What are the socks made of?

  8. M: Alice, you used to be short, didn't you?
    W: Yes, I did. But now I'm much taller than my mother. Q: What does Alice mean?

  9. W: Whose guitar is this? Is it John's?
    M: It can't be his. John doesn't play the guitar. It might belong to Kate. She loves music. Q: Who might the guitar belong to?

  10. M: When was the computer invented?
    W: The first modern computer was invented in the 1940s. But personal computers didn't become popular until the 1980s. Q: When did personal computers become popular?

第三节：听短文，完成信息表。（每小题1分，共5分）

Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our Science Museum. I'm your guide today. Now let me introduce one of the most interesting inventions here — the telephone.

The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. When Bell was a young man, he worked as a teacher at a school for the deaf. He wanted to find a way to help deaf people communicate. During his experiments, he discovered something surprising: he could send the human voice through electric wires! On March 7, 1876, Bell received the patent for his invention.

The first telephone line was built in 1877. It connected Bell's home with his workshop, about three miles away. At first, people didn't believe the telephone was useful. Some even thought it was just a toy. However, by 1900, there were more than one million telephones in the United States.

Today, the telephone has become one of the most important tools for communication. It has changed the way people live and work. And now, we even have mobile phones that can fit in our pockets!

Information Card
The inventor of the telephone16. ________________
Bell's job before the invention17. ________________
The year Bell got the patent18. ________________
The length of the first telephone line19. ________________
Number of telephones in the US by 190020. ________________

第二部分 基础知识运用（共40分） ​

I. 单项选择（每小题1分，共15分） ​

  1. — ______ do you improve your listening skills?
    — ______ listening to English songs.

    • A. What; By B. How; With C. How; By D. What; With

  2. I don't know ______ he will come to the party or not.

    • A. if B. whether C. that D. what

  3. The book ______ by Mo Yan is very popular all over the world.

    • A. written B. wrote C. was written D. is written

  4. — ______ is the model plane made of?
    — Metal, I think.

    • A. Where B. How C. What D. When

  5. The bridge ______ over 500 years ago.

    • A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds

  6. — Could you tell me ______?
    — Sure. Go straight and turn right at the first crossing.

    • A. where is the bank B. where the bank is
    • C. how can I get to the bank D. how I can get to the bank

  7. ______ he ______ short? — Yes, but now he is very tall.

    • A. Did; use to be B. Did; used to be
    • C. Was; used to be D. Was; use to be

  8. The work ______ finished in two days.

    • A. must be B. can C. must D. need be

  9. — Is that Tom over there?
    — It ______ be him. He has gone to Shanghai.

    • A. mustn't B. can't C. might D. could

  10. ______ difficult questions they are! I can't answer them.

    • A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

  11. Tea plants ______ on the sides of mountains in the southern part of China.

    • A. grow B. are grown C. grew D. were grown

  12. Students should not ______ to use mobile phones in class.

    • A. allow B. be allowed C. allowed D. are allowed

  13. By the time I arrived at the station, the train ______.

    • A. left B. has left C. had left D. leaves

  14. The book is so interesting that I can't ______.

    • A. put up it B. put it up C. put down it D. put it down

  15. — I think teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
    — ______. School uniforms look more tidy and formal.

    • A. I agree B. I disagree C. I think so D. You're right

II. 完形填空（每小题1分，共10分） ​

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Have you ever heard of the Amber Room? It was one of the greatest wonders in the world. The room 36 in the 18th century in Russia. It 37 about 6 tons of amber and was decorated with gold and mirrors. People from all over the world came to admire its beauty.

In 1941, when the Nazis invaded Russia, they 38 the Amber Room and took it to Germany. After that, nobody knew exactly 39 it was. Some people believed it was destroyed during the war. Others thought it 40 hidden somewhere. The mystery has never been solved.

In 2003, the Russian government decided to rebuild the Amber Room. A new one 41 by a team of skilled workers. They 42 old photos and descriptions to recreate the room. After 25 years of hard work, the new Amber Room 43 in the Summer Palace near St. Petersburg. It cost about ＄11 million to build.

Today, the rebuilt Amber Room is open to the public. Visitors can admire its beauty just as people 44 over 200 years ago. Many people say it looks even 45 than the original.

  1. A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds
  2. A. is made of B. was made of C. was made from D. is made from
  3. A. stole B. was stolen C. has stolen D. had stolen
  4. A. when B. why C. what D. where
  5. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
  6. A. built B. was built C. is built D. builds
  7. A. looked at B. looked for C. looked after D. looked up
  8. A. completed B. was completed C. has completed D. had completed
  9. A. did B. do C. had D. have
  10. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful

III. 阅读理解（每小题2分，共15分） ​

A

Many teenagers have hobbies. But sometimes these hobbies can get in the way of their schoolwork, and parents may worry about their children's success at school. Teenagers often think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. Do you agree?

Liu Yu, a fifteen-year-old boy from Shandong, is a running star. He is on his school track team and has always wanted to be a professional runner when he grows up. However, his parents won't allow him to train so much. "Of course we want to see him achieve his dream," says Mr. Liu, "and we know how much he loves running. But we think our son needs to think about other possible jobs. He needs to be realistic. It's very difficult to become a professional sports star."

Liu Yu disagrees. "I know my parents care about me. But I am serious about running. It's the only thing I have ever wanted to do. My parents have always taught me the importance of working hard, not just doing what I enjoy. I understand this, but I am serious about running. Being a professional runner is the only thing I have ever wanted to do."

Do you think Liu Yu should be allowed to make his own decision? What is your opinion?

根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。

  1. Liu Yu is a member of his school swimming team.
  2. Liu Yu's parents think he should consider other jobs besides running.
  3. Liu Yu agrees with his parents about his future career.

B

Have you ever wondered who invented the hamburger? The history of this popular food is more interesting than you might think.

There are many stories about the origin of the hamburger. One popular story says that the hamburger was first made in Hamburg, Germany. In the 19th century, people in Hamburg created a dish called "Hamburg steak" — a piece of beef that was minced and shaped into a round flat form. German immigrants later brought this dish to the United States.

However, putting the steak between two pieces of bread is an American idea. There are several claims about who first did this. One story says that in 1900, a man named Louis Lassen served ground beef between two pieces of toast at his small restaurant in New Haven, Connecticut. Another story claims that the hamburger was invented at a county fair in Wisconsin in 1885.

No matter who invented it, the hamburger became one of America's favorite foods. Today, billions of hamburgers are eaten every year around the world. Fast-food restaurants like McDonald's and Burger King have made the hamburger a global symbol of American culture.

  1. Where does the name "hamburger" possibly come from?

    • A. From a person's name.
    • B. From a German city.
    • C. From an English word.
    • D. From a restaurant name.

  2. What does the underlined word "minced" mean in Chinese?

    • A. 切片的 B. 切碎的 C. 烤制的 D. 油炸的

  3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

    • A. Louis Lassen invented the hamburger in Germany.
    • B. Hamburgers were first made in Wisconsin in 1885.
    • C. The hamburger was popular in Germany before coming to the US.
    • D. No one knows exactly who invented the hamburger.

C

阅读短文，回答问题。

Many everyday items have interesting histories. Here are three things that were invented by accident.

Potato Chips

In 1853, a chef named George Crum was working in a restaurant in New York. One day, a customer complained that his fried potatoes were too thick and soft. Crum was annoyed. He cut the potatoes as thin as possible and fried them until they were crispy. He thought the customer would hate them. To Crum's surprise, the customer loved them! Soon, other customers started asking for these thin, crispy potatoes. That's how potato chips were invented.

Microwave Oven

In 1945, an American engineer named Percy Spencer was working on radar equipment. He noticed that a chocolate bar in his pocket had melted while he was standing near a machine called a magnetron. Spencer was curious. He put some popcorn kernels near the magnetron, and they popped! Later, he put an egg near it, and the egg exploded. Spencer realized that the magnetron produced a special kind of energy that could heat food. This discovery led to the invention of the microwave oven.

Post-it Notes

In 1968, a scientist named Spencer Silver was trying to make a super-strong glue. Instead, he accidentally created a very weak glue. This glue was so weak that it could be easily peeled off. For years, nobody knew what to do with it. Then in 1974, another scientist named Art Fry had an idea. He used the weak glue to make small pieces of paper that could stick to things but be easily removed. These became the famous Post-it Notes that we use today.

  1. Why did George Crum cut the potatoes very thin?

  2. What happened to Percy Spencer's chocolate bar?

  3. What was Spencer Silver trying to make when he invented the weak glue?

  4. 请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。

第三部分 写作（共25分） ​

IV. 词汇运用（每小题1分，共5分） ​

  1. The movie is based on a true story that ______ (take) place in the 1950s.

  2. My mother suggested that I ______ (read) more books in my free time.

  3. The broken bike needs ______ (repair).

  4. By the time the teacher came in, the students ______ (stop) talking.

  5. The old building ______ (pull) down last month to build a new shopping center.

V. 完成句子（每小题2分，共10分） ​

  1. 你能告诉我这本书是谁写的吗？
    Could you tell me ______ ______ this book?

  2. 这座桥是十年前建造的。
    The bridge ______ ______ ______ ten years ago.

  3. 这件T恤一定是李磊的。上面有一只老虎。
    This T-shirt ______ ______ ______ Li Lei's. There is a tiger on it.

  4. 他过去常常骑自行车上学，但现在坐公交车了。
    He ______ ______ ______ ride a bike to school, but now he takes a bus.

  5. 教室应该每天打扫。
    The classroom ______ ______ ______ every day.

VI. 书面表达（10分） ​

假如你是李华，你们学校英语角正在进行"我的变化"主题讨论。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文分享你的变化。

提示：1. 你过去性格内向，不善言辞； 2. 你的英语老师经常鼓励你在课堂上发言； 3. 现在你的性格变得开朗自信； 4. 你对未来充满期待。

要求：80词左右，短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。

I have changed a lot in the past three years. Let me tell you about my changes.

七、参考答案与解析 ​

期末综合复习题 参考答案 ​

第一部分 听力（共20分） ​

第一节：听句子，选择与其意思相符的图片。（1-5题，共5分）

  1. A（长城/旅游景点） 2. B（问路/医院） 3. A（过去打篮球） 4. B（皮包/皮革制品） 5. C（书/名字/归属）

第二节：听对话，选择正确答案。（6-15题，共10分）

题号答案解析
6B由男士回答"by doing lots of exercises"可知是通过做练习学习语法。
7C书店在第二个十字路口左转后右手边，银行旁边。
8B通过与笔友交谈来提高口语。
9D篮球可能在车库里。
10C男士认为青少年应该被允许做兼职，但只在暑假期间。
11B周末比平时晚一小时关门，即6点。
12A袜子是由羊毛制成的。
13C爱丽丝现在比妈妈还高。
14D不可能是约翰的，因为他不弹吉他；可能是凯特的。
15C个人电脑直到20世纪80年代才普及。

第三节：听短文，完成信息表。（16-20题，共5分）

  1. Alexander Graham Bell
  2. A teacher at a school for the deaf
  3. In 1876
  4. About three miles
  5. More than one million

第二部分 基础知识运用（共40分） ​

I. 单项选择（21-35题，共15分） ​
题号答案解析
21CHow 提问方式；by + doing 表手段。
22Bwhether...or not 为固定搭配，if 不与 or not 直接连用。
23A过去分词 written 作后置定语，修饰 book。
24CWhat...made of? 询问制作材料。
25Bover 500 years ago 用一般过去时被动语态。
26D宾语从句用陈述句语序；how I can get to... 正确。
27Aused to 的一般疑问句用 Did...use to do...
28Amust be finished 含情态动词的被动语态。
29Bcan't 表否定推测"不可能是"，由 He has gone to Shanghai 可知。
30AWhat + adj. + 复数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！
31B一般现在时被动语态，茶树是被种植的。
32Bshould (not) be allowed to do 含情态动词的被动语态。
33CBy the time 从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。
34Dput down "放下"，代词 it 放中间；can't put it down 表示"爱不释手"。
35B由答语"校服看起来更整洁正式"可知不同意对方的观点。

答案：21-25 C B A C B 26-30 D A A B A 31-35 B B C D B

II. 完形填空（36-45题，共10分） ​
题号答案解析
36B一般过去时被动语态，琥珀屋在18世纪被建造。
37Bbe made of "由……制成"（看得出原材料），且用过去时。
38A主动语态，纳粹偷走了琥珀屋。
39D没有人知道它在哪里，where 引导宾语从句。
40B主句 thought 为过去时，从句用一般过去时。
41B新的琥珀屋被建造，一般过去时被动语态。
42Alook at "查看；参考"，他们查看旧照片和描述。
43B新的琥珀屋被完工，一般过去时被动语态。
44Adid 代替 admired，避免重复，一般过去时。
45Beven 修饰比较级，beautiful 的比较级为 more beautiful。

答案：36-40 B B A D B 41-45 B A B A B

III. 阅读理解（46-55题，共15分） ​

A篇（46-48题，每题2分）

  1. F — 由第二段可知，刘宇是学校田径队（track team）成员，不是游泳队。
  2. T — 由第二段刘爸爸的话可知，他们认为儿子需要考虑其他可能的工作。
  3. F — 由第三段 Liu Yu disagrees 可知，刘宇不同意父母的观点。

B篇（49-51题，每题2分）

  1. B — 由第二段可知，汉堡包的名字可能来自德国城市汉堡（Hamburg）。
  2. B — 由上下文可知，minced beef 指"碎牛肉"，minced 意为"切碎的"。
  3. D — 由第三段开头可知，关于谁发明了汉堡包有多种说法，没有人确切知道。

C篇（52-55题，共7分）

  1. Because he was annoyed when a customer complained that his fried potatoes were too thick and soft. He wanted to make them very thin.（2分）

  2. It melted while he was standing near a machine called a magnetron.（2分）

  3. He was trying to make a super-strong glue.（2分）

  4. Accidental Inventions / Inventions by Accident / Great Accidents（1分，言之有理即可）

第三部分 写作（共25分） ​

IV. 词汇运用（56-60题，每题1分，共5分） ​
  1. took — take place "发生"无被动语态，由 in the 1950s 可知用一般过去时。
  2. (should) read — suggest 后的宾语从句用虚拟语气：(should) + 动词原形。
  3. repairing / to be repaired — need doing = need to be done "需要被……"。
  4. had stopped — By the time 从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。
  5. was pulled — 由 last month 可知用一般过去时被动语态。
V. 完成句子（61-65题，每题2分，共10分） ​
  1. who wrote — 宾语从句用陈述句语序，who 作主语。
  2. was built — 一般过去时被动语态。
  3. must belong to — must 表肯定推测，belong to "属于"。
  4. used to — used to do "过去常常做某事"。
  5. should be cleaned — 含情态动词的被动语态。
VI. 书面表达（10分） ​

参考范文：

I have changed a lot in the past three years. Let me tell you about my changes.

I used to be very shy and quiet. I was afraid of speaking in front of others, and I seldom talked to my classmates. My English teacher noticed this and often encouraged me to speak up in class. She told me that practice makes perfect and that I should be more confident.

With her help, I started to answer simple questions in class. Gradually, I became more and more outgoing. Now I am not afraid of giving speeches in public anymore. I have made many friends and often take part in different school activities.

I am proud of my changes. I believe that the future will be even better as long as I keep trying my best.

评分标准：

  • 内容完整，包含所有要点（4分）
  • 语言准确，语法正确（3分）
  • 行文连贯，逻辑清晰（2分）
  • 书写规范，字数适当（1分）

附录：拓展提高训练 ​

拓展阅读 ​

The Silk Road — A Bridge Between East and West

The Silk Road was not a single road, but a network of trade routes connecting China with the Mediterranean Sea. It was first established over 2,000 years ago during the Han Dynasty, when the Chinese emperor sent a diplomat named Zhang Qian to explore the western regions.

The Silk Road got its name from the valuable silk that was traded along it. Silk, which was invented in China over 4,500 years ago, was highly prized in ancient Rome. A pound of silk was worth its weight in gold! But silk was not the only thing traded on these routes. Merchants also carried spices, tea, porcelain, and paper from China to the West. In return, glass, gold, silver, and new foods like grapes and walnuts came to China from the West.

The Silk Road was more than just a trade route. It was also a path for the exchange of ideas, cultures, and technologies. Buddhism traveled from India to China along the Silk Road. Chinese inventions like papermaking and printing spread to Europe through these routes. Artists, scientists, and travelers from different civilizations met and shared their knowledge.

Today, the ancient Silk Road has been replaced by modern railways and airports. However, China has proposed the "Belt and Road Initiative" to build new connections between countries. This modern "Silk Road" aims to promote trade and friendship between China and countries around the world, just as the ancient routes did thousands of years ago.

任务： 根据短文内容，完成下列句子。

  1. The Silk Road was first established over ______ years ago.
  2. Silk was so valuable in ancient Rome that a pound of silk was worth ______.
  3. Besides silk, merchants also carried ______ from China to the West.
  4. The Silk Road was important not only for trade but also for the exchange of ______.
  5. What does the "Belt and Road Initiative" aim to do?

答案：

  1. 2,000 / two thousand
  2. its weight in gold
  3. spices, tea, porcelain, and paper
  4. ideas, cultures, and technologies
  5. It aims to promote trade and friendship between China and countries around the world.

拓展语法练习 — 被动语态专项 ​

将下列主动句改为被动句。

  1. People speak English in many countries.
    → English ______ ______ in many countries.

  2. Someone stole my bike yesterday.
    → My bike ______ ______ yesterday.

  3. They will build a new hospital next year.
    → A new hospital ______ ______ ______ next year.

  4. We can finish the work in two days.
    → The work ______ ______ ______ in two days.

  5. They have sold out all the tickets.
    → All the tickets ______ ______ ______ out.

  6. You must not touch the pictures in the museum.
    → The pictures in the museum ______ ______ ______ touched.

答案：

  1. is spoken
  2. was stolen
  3. will be built
  4. can be finished
  5. have been sold
  6. must not be

拓展语法练习 — 宾语从句专项 ​

将下列句子改为含宾语从句的复合句。

  1. "Where does Tom live?" she asked.
    → She asked ______.

  2. "Will the meeting be put off?" I wondered.
    → I wondered ______.

  3. "What happened to him?" nobody knew.
    → Nobody knew ______.

  4. "Is she coming tomorrow?" Do you know?
    → Do you know ______?

答案：

  1. where Tom lived
  2. if/whether the meeting would be put off
  3. what had happened to him
  4. if/whether she is coming tomorrow

易错点总结 ​

易错点正确用法错误用法
used to 的否定/疑问Didn't use to / Did...use todidn't used to / did...used to
by 后接 doingby reading / by workingby read / by work
被动语态中的 byThe book was written by him.The book was written from him.
belong to 无被动This book belongs to me.This book is belonged to me.
宾语从句用陈述语序I know where he is.I know where is he.
be made of / fromof（看得出）；from（看不出）混淆两者用法
mustn't ≠ can't 表推测can't 表"不可能"；mustn't 表"禁止"用 mustn't 表"不可能"
take place 无被动Great changes took place.Great changes were taken place.

资料编写说明：

本资料涵盖人教版初中英语九年级全一册（上）第1-8单元全部核心内容，以被动语态和宾语从句为语法重点，系统梳理了词汇、短语、句型、语法考点，并配有大量练习题（含答案详解）。期末综合复习题按照中考题型设计，难度贴近中考水平，适合学生系统复习和自我检测使用。

学习建议：

  1. 先通读"知识大纲"和"考点详解"，建立整体框架。
  2. 背诵"必背单词表"和"必背短语"，打牢基础。
  3. 逐题完成"常见题型与例题"，对照答案解析找出薄弱环节。
  4. 限时完成"期末综合复习题"，模拟考试状态。
  5. 针对错题，回顾相应单元的语法讲解，做到举一反三。

不积跬步，无以至千里；万里之行，始于当下。

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